Thursday, 26 January 2023

Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri

Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri

June 9, 1964 – January 11, 1966. 

Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri was born on 2 October 1904 in Mughalsarai, a small railway town seven miles from Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. His father was a school teacher. When Lal Bahadur Shastri was only one and a half years old, his father died. His mother moved to her father's house with all three children.

Lal Bahadur's schooling in that small town was not special but despite being hit by poverty, he had a fairly happy childhood.

He was sent to live with his uncle in Varanasi so that he could complete his high school education. Everyone at home used to call him by the name of Nanhe. He used to walk many miles to school barefoot, even in the scorching heat when the streets were extremely hot.

As he grew up, Lal Bahadur Shastri became more interested in the country's struggle for freedom from foreign slavery. He was deeply moved by Mahatma Gandhi's condemnation of the Indian princes who were supporting British rule in India. When Lal Bahadur Shastri was only eleven years old, he had made up his mind to do something at the national level.

Lal Bahadur Shastri was only sixteen years old when Gandhi called upon his countrymen to join the non-cooperation movement. He had decided to leave his studies on this call of Mahatma Gandhi. His decision broke his mother's hopes. His family tried hard to stop him by saying that his decision was wrong but they failed in this. Lal Bahadur had made up his mind. All those close to him knew that once he had made up his mind, he would never change his decision because Lal Bahadur, who looked humble on the outside, was as firm as a rock on the inside.

Lal Bahadur Shastri joined the Kashi Vidya Peeth in Varanasi, one of the many national institutions established in defiance of the British rule. Here he came under the influence of great scholars and nationalists of the country. The name of the graduation degree awarded to him by the Vidya Peeth was 'Shastri' but it settled in the minds of the people as a part of his name.

They got married in 1927. His wife Lalita Devi was from Mirzapur which was near to his own town. Their wedding was traditional in all respects. In the name of dowry, there was a spinning wheel and a few meters of hand-woven cloth. They didn't want anything more as dowry.

In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi marched to Dandi breaking the salt law. This symbolic message brought a kind of revolution in the whole country. Lal Bahadur Shastri joined this struggle for freedom with feverish energy. He led several rebel campaigns and spent a total of seven years in British jails. This struggle for freedom made him completely mature.

Even before the Congress came to power after independence, the leaders of the national struggle had understood the importance of humble and humble Lal Bahadur Shastri. When the Congress government was formed in 1946, this 'little dynamo' was asked to play a constructive role in the governance of the country. He was appointed Parliamentary Secretary of his home state of Uttar Pradesh and soon rose to the rank of Home Minister. His ability to work hard and his efficiency became a proverb in Uttar Pradesh. He moved to New Delhi in 1951 and held several portfolios in the Union Cabinet – Minister of Railways; Minister of Transport and Communications; Commerce and Industry Minister; Home Minister and during Nehru ji's illness, remained minister without department. His reputation was growing steadily. Holding himself responsible for a train accident in which several people were killed, he resigned from the post of Railway Minister. The country and the Parliament greatly appreciated his unprecedented initiative. The then Prime Minister Pandit Nehru while speaking in Parliament on this incident praised the honesty and high ideals of Lal Bahadur Shastri. He said that he has accepted the resignation of Lal Bahadur Shastri not because he is responsible for what happened but because it will set an example of constitutional decency. Responding to the long debate on the train accident, Lal Bahadur Shastri said; “Perhaps because of my short stature and meekness, people feel that I am not able to be very firm. Though physically I am not strong but I feel that internally I am not that weak either.”

Even during the work of his ministry, he kept looking after matters related to the Congress party and contributed a lot in it. The decisive and resounding success of the party in the general elections of 1952, 1957 and 1962 was a major contribution to his organizational talent and his amazing ability to see things closely.

During his dedicated service for more than thirty years, Lal Bahadur Shastri became famous among the people for his lofty integrity and ability. Humble, firm, tolerant and with tremendous inner strength, Shastri ji emerged among the people as a person who understood the feelings of the people. He was a visionary who brought the country on the path of progress. Lal Bahadur Shastri was highly influenced by the political teachings of Mahatma Gandhi. He once said in the same tone of his Guru Mahatma Gandhi - "Hard work is like praying." 

Friday, 20 January 2023

Vashishtha Narayan Singh, Indian mathematician

2 April 1946 - 14 November 2019 was an Indian intellectual. He was a kid wonder and finished his Ph.D. in 1969. He showed arithmetic at different foundations during the 1960s and 1970s. Singh was determined to have schizophrenia in the mid-1970s and was confessed to a mental medical clinic. He disappeared during a train venture and was found years after the fact. He was again owned up to the medical clinic and later got back to the scholarly community in 2014. He was granted the Padma Shri, the fourth most noteworthy regular citizen grant of India, after his death in 2020. 

He was the maths virtuoso who, during the '60s, marked a way from Bihar to Berkeley. In the near future later, Vashishtha Narayan Singh slipped into dysfunctional behavior, abandoning a postulation, a couple of letters, a few scrawls on the wall, and Million inquiries. 

Singh was a youngster wonder. He accepted his essential and optional training from Netarhat Private School, and he accepted his advanced degree from Patna Science College. He got acknowledgment as an understudy when he was permitted by Patna College to show up for assessment in the principal year of its three-year BSc (Hons.) Math course and later M.Sc assessment the following year

Singh joined the College of California, Berkeley in 1965 and got a Ph.D in Repeating Portions and Administrators with a Cyclic Vector (Cycle Vector Space Hypothesis) in 1969 under doctoral counselor John L. Kelley.

Subsequent to accepting his Ph.D., Singh joined the College of Washington at Seattle as an associate teacher, and afterward got back to India in 1974 to educate at the Indian Organization of Innovation Kanpur. After eight months, he joined the Goodbye Foundation of Essential Exploration (TIFR), Bombay where he dealt with a momentary position. Later he was designated a workforce at the Indian Factual Establishment, Kolkata.

Thursday, 19 January 2023

Khan sir, Patna

Khan Sir is an eminent instructor by calling, who shows understudies on the web and disconnected. Khan sir became popular all over India when the entire nation was under lockdown. Before the lockdown, Khan Sir used to show understudies disconnected in Patna however in Walk 2020, the flood of crown spread the nation over which made the lockdown keep going a seriously prolonged stretch of time. To that end, Khan sir began giving his classes online through YouTube. From that point, khan sir became well known in light of his desi way of educating

Khan sir has become so much popular for his interesting style or desi way of instructing that he has made some meaningful difference all over India as well as abroad other than Bihar and Uttar Pradesh particularly to each and every Awam of Pakistan, Khan sir obviously You should realize to this end we are saying that assuming you have seen the video of Khan sir slighting Pakistan, you probably seen it. At the point when he was in his 8th grade, patriotism wake in him, expected to which he want to enlist in the military and serve the country. He gave the placement test after class 8th to get admission to Sainik School yet he fizzled. After which he finished secondary school and 12th. He had been a piece of the National Cadet Corps from the optional level so he had an opportunity to find out about the Indian Army force. Subsequent to enlisting in Public Recruit Corps, he was extremely quick to enlist in the military, for which he gave the placement test of the National Defence Academy (NDA) after 12th. Being the clincher in examinations from the very first light, he breezed through the NDA test yet tragically, he was not chosen. In the wake of breezing through the assessment, he bombed the actual request test expected to slanted hands. Expected to be medicinally ill-suited, his fantasy about enlisting in the military couldn't be peaceful.

Khan sir Patna is an Indian Speaker who portray the complicated issue of General Science in a jiffy with his homegrown style. He is well known in the nation and all over the planet because of his singular way of educating. Khan Sir Patna, 1 of the world's well known educators of You Cylinder channel, was local in December 1993 in Bhatpar Rani, Deoria, Uttar Pradesh. He gather his scholastic capability from Parmar Mission School situated in Bhatpar Rani, Deoria. His complete name and genuine name is Faizal Khan.

who is khan sir

Khan Sir is a renowned teacher who is the administrator of Khan Gs Research Center and Khan Sir Official.

What is the real name of Khan Sir Patna?

Khan Sir remained in a lot of controversies regarding Real Name Faizal Khan.

What is the name of Khan Sir's coaching? And where is it?

The name of Khan sir's coaching is Khan Gs Research Center which is in Patna.

How old is Patna Khan Sir?

Khan sir age is 29 years old his name was born in 1993 .


Monday, 16 January 2023

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Privacy Policy for Shashank saxena blog

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This Privacy Policy applies only to our online activities and is valid for visitors to our website with regards to the information that they shared and/or collect in Shashank saxena blog. This policy is not applicable to any information collected offline or via channels other than this website. Our Privacy Policy was created with the help of the Free Privacy Policy Generator.

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Information we collect

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If you contact us directly, we may receive additional information about you such as your name, email address, phone number, the contents of the message and/or attachments you may send us, and any other information you may choose to provide.

When you register for an Account, we may ask for your contact information, including items such as name, company name, address, email address, and telephone number.

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  • Send you emails
  • Find and prevent fraud

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Shashank saxena blog follows a standard procedure of using log files. These files log visitors when they visit websites. All hosting companies do this and a part of hosting services' analytics. The information collected by log files include internet protocol (IP) addresses, browser type, Internet Service Provider (ISP), date and time stamp, referring/exit pages, and possibly the number of clicks. These are not linked to any information that is personally identifiable. The purpose of the information is for analyzing trends, administering the site, tracking users' movement on the website, and gathering demographic information.

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Like any other website, Shashank saxena blog uses 'cookies'. These cookies are used to store information including visitors' preferences, and the pages on the website that the visitor accessed or visited. The information is used to optimize the users' experience by customizing our web page content based on visitors' browser type and/or other information.

Google DoubleClick DART Cookie

Google is one of a third-party vendor on our site. It also uses cookies, known as DART cookies, to serve ads to our site visitors based upon their visit to www.website.com and other sites on the internet. However, visitors may choose to decline the use of DART cookies by visiting the Google ad and content network Privacy Policy at the following URL – https://policies.google.com/technologies/ads

Advertising Partners Privacy Policies

You may consult this list to find the Privacy Policy for each of the advertising partners of Shashank saxena blog.

Third-party ad servers or ad networks uses technologies like cookies, JavaScript, or Web Beacons that are used in their respective advertisements and links that appear on Shashank saxena blog, which are sent directly to users' browser. They automatically receive your IP address when this occurs. These technologies are used to measure the effectiveness of their advertising campaigns and/or to personalize the advertising content that you see on websites that you visit.

Note that Shashank saxena blog has no access to or control over these cookies that are used by third-party advertisers.

Third Party Privacy Policies

Shashank saxena blog's Privacy Policy does not apply to other advertisers or websites. Thus, we are advising you to consult the respective Privacy Policies of these third-party ad servers for more detailed information. It may include their practices and instructions about how to opt-out of certain options.

You can choose to disable cookies through your individual browser options. To know more detailed information about cookie management with specific web browsers, it can be found at the browsers' respective websites.

CCPA Privacy Rights (Do Not Sell My Personal Information)

Under the CCPA, among other rights, California consumers have the right to:

Request that a business that collects a consumer's personal data disclose the categories and specific pieces of personal data that a business has collected about consumers.

Request that a business delete any personal data about the consumer that a business has collected.

Request that a business that sells a consumer's personal data, not sell the consumer's personal data.

If you make a request, we have one month to respond to you. If you would like to exercise any of these rights, please contact us.

GDPR Data Protection Rights

We would like to make sure you are fully aware of all of your data protection rights. Every user is entitled to the following:

The right to access – You have the right to request copies of your personal data. We may charge you a small fee for this service.

The right to rectification – You have the right to request that we correct any information you believe is inaccurate. You also have the right to request that we complete the information you believe is incomplete.

The right to erasure – You have the right to request that we erase your personal data, under certain conditions.

The right to restrict processing – You have the right to request that we restrict the processing of your personal data, under certain conditions.

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Wednesday, 11 January 2023

लाल बहादुर शास्त्री

श्री लाल बहादुर शास्त्री

9 जून, 1964 – 11 जनवरी, 1966 | कॉन्‍ग्रेस

श्री लाल बहादुर शास्त्री

श्री लाल बहादुर शास्त्री का जन्म 2 अक्टूबर 1904 को उत्तर प्रदेश के वाराणसी से सात मील दूर एक छोटे से रेलवे टाउन, मुगलसराय में हुआ था। उनके पिता एक स्कूल शिक्षक थे। जब लाल बहादुर शास्त्री केवल डेढ़ वर्ष के थे तभी उनके पिता का देहांत हो गया था। उनकी माँ अपने तीनों बच्चों के साथ अपने पिता के घर जाकर बस गईं।

उस छोटे-से शहर में लाल बहादुर की स्कूली शिक्षा कुछ खास नहीं रही लेकिन गरीबी की मार पड़ने के बावजूद उनका बचपन पर्याप्त रूप से खुशहाल बीता।

उन्हें वाराणसी में चाचा के साथ रहने के लिए भेज दिया गया था ताकि वे उच्च विद्यालय की शिक्षा प्राप्त कर सकें। घर पर सब उन्हें नन्हे के नाम से पुकारते थे। वे कई मील की दूरी नंगे पांव से ही तय कर विद्यालय जाते थे, यहाँ तक की भीषण गर्मी में जब सड़कें अत्यधिक गर्म हुआ करती थीं तब भी उन्हें ऐसे ही जाना पड़ता था।

बड़े होने के साथ-ही लाल बहादुर शास्त्री विदेशी दासता से आजादी के लिए देश के संघर्ष में अधिक रुचि रखने लगे। वे भारत में ब्रिटिश शासन का समर्थन कर रहे भारतीय राजाओं की महात्मा गांधी द्वारा की गई निंदा से अत्यंत प्रभावित हुए। लाल बहादुर शास्त्री जब केवल ग्यारह वर्ष के थे तब से ही उन्होंने राष्ट्रीय स्तर पर कुछ करने का मन बना लिया था।

गांधी जी ने असहयोग आंदोलन में शामिल होने के लिए अपने देशवासियों से आह्वान किया था, इस समय लाल बहादुर शास्त्री केवल सोलह वर्ष के थे। उन्होंने महात्मा गांधी के इस आह्वान पर अपनी पढ़ाई छोड़ देने का निर्णय कर लिया था। उनके इस निर्णय ने उनकी मां की उम्मीदें तोड़ दीं। उनके परिवार ने उनके इस निर्णय को गलत बताते हुए उन्हें रोकने की बहुत कोशिश की लेकिन वे इसमें असफल रहे। लाल बहादुर ने अपना मन बना लिया था। उनके सभी करीबी लोगों को यह पता था कि एक बार मन बना लेने के बाद वे अपना निर्णय कभी नहीं बदलेंगें क्योंकि बाहर से विनम्र दिखने वाले लाल बहादुर अन्दर से चट्टान की तरह दृढ़ हैं।

लाल बहादुर शास्त्री ब्रिटिश शासन की अवज्ञा में स्थापित किये गए कई राष्ट्रीय संस्थानों में से एक वाराणसी के काशी विद्या पीठ में शामिल हुए। यहाँ वे महान विद्वानों एवं देश के राष्ट्रवादियों के प्रभाव में आए। विद्या पीठ द्वारा उन्हें प्रदत्त स्नातक की डिग्री का नाम ‘शास्त्री’ था लेकिन लोगों के दिमाग में यह उनके नाम के एक भाग के रूप में बस गया।

1927 में उनकी शादी हो गई। उनकी पत्नी ललिता देवी मिर्जापुर से थीं जो उनके अपने शहर के पास ही था। उनकी शादी सभी तरह से पारंपरिक थी। दहेज के नाम पर एक चरखा एवं हाथ से बुने हुए कुछ मीटर कपड़े थे। वे दहेज के रूप में इससे ज्यादा कुछ और नहीं चाहते थे।

1930 में महात्मा गांधी ने नमक कानून को तोड़ते हुए दांडी यात्रा की। इस प्रतीकात्मक सन्देश ने पूरे देश में एक तरह की क्रांति ला दी। लाल बहादुर शास्त्री विह्वल ऊर्जा के साथ स्वतंत्रता के इस संघर्ष में शामिल हो गए। उन्होंने कई विद्रोही अभियानों का नेतृत्व किया एवं कुल सात वर्षों तक ब्रिटिश जेलों में रहे। आजादी के इस संघर्ष ने उन्हें पूर्णतः परिपक्व बना दिया।

आजादी के बाद जब कांग्रेस सत्ता में आई, उससे पहले ही राष्ट्रीय संग्राम के नेता विनीत एवं नम्र लाल बहादुर शास्त्री के महत्व को समझ चुके थे। 1946 में जब कांग्रेस सरकार का गठन हुआ तो इस ‘छोटे से डायनमो’ को देश के शासन में रचनात्मक भूमिका निभाने के लिए कहा गया। उन्हें अपने गृह राज्य उत्तर प्रदेश का संसदीय सचिव नियुक्त किया गया और जल्द ही वे गृह मंत्री के पद पर भी आसीन हुए। कड़ी मेहनत करने की उनकी क्षमता एवं उनकी दक्षता उत्तर प्रदेश में एक लोकोक्ति बन गई। वे 1951 में नई दिल्ली आ गए एवं केंद्रीय मंत्रिमंडल के कई विभागों का प्रभार संभाला – रेल मंत्री; परिवहन एवं संचार मंत्री; वाणिज्य एवं उद्योग मंत्री; गृह मंत्री एवं नेहरू जी की बीमारी के दौरान बिना विभाग के मंत्री रहे। उनकी प्रतिष्ठा लगातार बढ़ रही थी। एक रेल दुर्घटना, जिसमें कई लोग मारे गए थे, के लिए स्वयं को जिम्मेदार मानते हुए उन्होंने रेल मंत्री के पद से इस्तीफा दे दिया था। देश एवं संसद ने उनके इस अभूतपूर्व पहल को काफी सराहा। तत्कालीन प्रधानमंत्री पंडित नेहरू ने इस घटना पर संसद में बोलते हुए लाल बहादुर शास्त्री की ईमानदारी एवं उच्च आदर्शों की काफी तारीफ की। उन्होंने कहा कि उन्होंने लाल बहादुर शास्त्री का इस्तीफा इसलिए नहीं स्वीकार किया है कि जो कुछ हुआ वे इसके लिए जिम्मेदार हैं बल्कि इसलिए स्वीकार किया है क्योंकि इससे संवैधानिक मर्यादा में एक मिसाल कायम होगी। रेल दुर्घटना पर लंबी बहस का जवाब देते हुए लाल बहादुर शास्त्री ने कहा; “शायद मेरे लंबाई में छोटे होने एवं नम्र होने के कारण लोगों को लगता है कि मैं बहुत दृढ नहीं हो पा रहा हूँ। यद्यपि शारीरिक रूप से में मैं मजबूत नहीं है लेकिन मुझे लगता है कि मैं आंतरिक रूप से इतना कमजोर भी नहीं हूँ।”

अपने मंत्रालय के कामकाज के दौरान भी वे कांग्रेस पार्टी से संबंधित मामलों को देखते रहे एवं उसमें अपना भरपूर योगदान दिया। 1952, 1957 एवं 1962 के आम चुनावों में पार्टी की निर्णायक एवं जबर्दस्त सफलता में उनकी सांगठनिक प्रतिभा एवं चीजों को नजदीक से परखने की उनकी अद्भुत क्षमता का बड़ा योगदान था।

तीस से अधिक वर्षों तक अपनी समर्पित सेवा के दौरान लाल बहादुर शास्त्री अपनी उदात्त निष्ठा एवं क्षमता के लिए लोगों के बीच प्रसिद्ध हो गए। विनम्र, दृढ, सहिष्णु एवं जबर्दस्त आंतरिक शक्ति वाले शास्त्री जी लोगों के बीच ऐसे व्यक्ति बनकर उभरे जिन्होंने लोगों की भावनाओं को समझा। वे दूरदर्शी थे जो देश को प्रगति के मार्ग पर लेकर आये। लाल बहादुर शास्त्री महात्मा गांधी के राजनीतिक शिक्षाओं से अत्यंत प्रभावित थे। अपने गुरु महात्मा गाँधी के ही लहजे में एक बार उन्होंने कहा था – “मेहनत प्रार्थना करने के समान है।” महात्मा गांधी के समान विचार रखने वाले लाल बहादुर शास्त्री भारतीय संस्कृति की श्रेष्ठ पहचान हैं।

 जय जवान, जय किसान ।

जय हिंद।

Virat Kohli

A spunky, chubby teenager with gelled hair shot to fame after leading India to glory in the Under-19 World Cup at Kuala Lumpur in early 2008. In an Indian team filled with saint-like icons worthy of their own hagiographies, Virat Kohli, with his most un-Indian, 'bad-boy' intensity, would clearly be an outcast.


Grind through the ranks
He soon joined the senior Men in Blue in Sri Lanka, come August 2008. In the absence of the regular openers, Virat Kohli was given a chance to open the batting in the ODI series. He played some commendable knocks in his extended run as an opener, as India went on to win the ODI series. However, the established and formidable pair of Tendulkar and Sehwag kept Kohli out of the team

The 20-year-old continued to impress for Delhi and dominated attacks, clearly demonstrating that he belonged at a much higher level; that junior cricket was beneath his standards. Kohli then traveled to Australia in 2009 for the Emerging players tournament and stamped his authority all over the bowling attacks. He added 'big-match temperament' to his résumé too, lacing a fluent hundred in the final against South Africa, and guiding his team to a clinical victory. The young prodigy, barely old enough to receive his man-of-the-match champagne, ended the tournament with 398 runs from 7 outings with two centuries and two fifties, ensuring that he remained fresh in the selectors' minds.

Cementing a national spot
The selectors had no choice but to give Kohli another go in the Indian side, and this time he strung together a number of impressive scores. After being given an extended run, he repaid their faith by notching up his maiden ODI hundred in an impressive run-chase against Sri Lanka in December 2009 - his first of many exemplary knocks in run-chases. In the World Cup final of 2011, the biggest stage of them all, Kohli, along with his Delhi teammate Gautam Gambhir, pulled off a largely underrated rescue effort with an 83-run stand after losing the openers early. This knock played a crucial role in setting the platform for MS Dhoni's fabled knock of 91*, which eventually won India the World Cup on that enchanting evening in Mumbai.

In the hangover of the World Cup euphoria, Kohli continued to take giant strides in the limited-overs format. Three years after his ODI debut, he was finally handed the coveted Test cap in the Caribbean islands in July 2011, owing to the need to rest the senior players. After a series each against the Dukes ball and the SG ball, it was now time for his trial against the Kookaburra Down Under. In the first two Tests, he seemed to lack the technique to play in Australia, maintaining his low stance on the bouncy tracks. He also had a rather restricting trigger movement with his front-foot routinely coming across towards off-stump, thereby hindering the necessary movement to play back-foot shots such as the pull and the cut.

A baptism by fire Down Under
The selectors and the captain persisted with him going into the 3rd Test, and he delivered a break-through performance on a bouncy Perth wicket - an impressive 75 - where a visible change in technique was visible. He managed to stand tall, with a more open stance, and exhibited the back-foot shots in his repertoire during the course of the innings. The volatile Kohli managed to overshadow his impropriety in conduct with his performance in the final Test of the series. Notching up India's only century of a disastrous tour, Kohli was the shining light in amidst the chaos, as he stroked his way to a hundred in Adelaide exhibiting the will to improve and extraordinary focus under pressure in the searing heat and pressure of Australia.

While he grappled and clawed his way into the Test side, he went on a record-breaking spree in ODIs: the Indian record for the fastest to multiples-of-thousand runs in ODIs, culminating in the world record for the fastest to 9000 runs in ODIs. He was also the highest run-scorer for India in ODIs for three consecutive calendar years - 2010, 2011 and 2012 and won the ICC ODI cricketer of the year award in 2012.

That break-through innings…
We remember the accolades, but where did it all begin? There's always the one innings that made the world sit up and take notice; the 86-ball knock which he started off as a brash boy, but ended as a man. Chasing an improbable target of 321 off 40 overs to stay alive in the tournament, he laid into the Sri Lankan bowlers and carted his way to 133*, getting India home with more than 2 overs to spare, practically pulling them out of the airport after M.S. Dhoni rather ignorantly remarked that India had already been eliminated from the tournament.

King Kohli had arrived. The king of the run-chase, and a plethora of ODI records in the modern age.

Batting technique and idiosyncrasies
Kohli has a seemingly hot head on his shoulders, but he channels all his anger while he is batting. Known to be an aggressive batsman always on the lookout for runs, he has a fairly sound , albeit slightly unconventional technique, which makes him judge the length of the ball earlier than most, and amazingly quick wrists to run his hands through the ball, even against fast bowlers. He is equally adept against pace and spin, and never looks ungainly at the crease. With nimble foot-movement against the spinners, he is known to be quite destructive when the situation demands it. He has had to fill some rather big shoes of his predecessors, and has done an admirable job to say the least.

Technical Shortcomings
However, his slightly unconventional bottom-hand technique results in some technical shortcomings and lack of versatility. Kohli has dealt with swing bowling well, which is late and difficult to pick, but still less abrupt than seam bowling, which is almost unnatural and catches you off-guard. He is, without a doubt, one of the most gifted cricketers who has also worked very hard on his game and fitness. As a result, he picks the length early and has a swift and decisive backward or forward movement. However, he picks up the line early too, and as a result, reacts to it equally early. This is quite amazing in itself; however, on pitches lacking true bounce and aiding seam movement, it brings about his downfall. Virat tends to 'run his hands through the ball' beside him rather than punching it late under his line of vision (a virtue that his compatriot Ajinkya Rahane excels)

Overseas Test Antics
He proved his credentials as a Test batsman on the tour of South Africa when he scored a sensational first innings hundred in Johannesburg in the first Test to bail India out of trouble and backed it up with a 96 in the second innings. Although Kohli wasn't exposed to the new ball, with Cheteshwar Pujara and Murali Vijay bunting the shine off it, it was an excellent innings against a formidable bowling line-up. He continued his good form in New Zealand as well and ended the tour on a high with an unbeaten century.

However, against the raised seam of the Dukes ball and the skillful bowling of Anderson, Kohli's technical shortcomings were exposed when India toured England in 2014 for a grueling 5-Test series. He scored just 134 runs in ten innings, edging the ball to the slips by reaching out for it, and showing poor awareness of his off-stump; rather surprising for a batsman of his calibre. It was worrying that India's star batsman had failed them in trying conditions.

He continues his struggles when exposed to the new ball and on 'sticky wickets'. His quiet series against South Africa in late 2015 was full of rank-turners; his injury-marred series against Australia in early 2017 had several wickets that were not conducive to batting; and the England series in 2014, of course. Barring that, the glaring dips in his batting, or 'aberrations', such as Brisbane 2014, Gros Islet 2016, and Pune 2017, have all come in difficult batting conditions, and he has been dismissed – believe it or not – by a chink in his batting technique.

Captaincy and a change in technique
With regular captain MS Dhoni ailing from an injury, Kohli was named stand-in captain for the first Test at Adelaide. After an abysmal tour of England, critics were sceptical of Kohli's performance in Australia in the Border-Gavaskar trophy in December. Kohli proved that they couldn't have been more wrong, as he scored two fluent hundreds in the first Test at Adelaide. His second innings masterclass of 141 almost pulled off a stunning run-chase on a notorious 5th day rank-turner, and went on to score a total of four hundreds on this tour. Saying that he had silenced critics would be an understatement; however, his technique of playing beside the ball, and the bat coming down from gully rather than slip continued to bother him whenever exposed to late lateral movement.

As India prepared for their title defence ahead of the 2015 World Cup Down Under, with the catch phrase 'Won't give it back' doing the rounds, Virat Kohli was touted to be a key performer for India. The Indians had a terrible run in Australia, having failed to win a single match in the Test series as well as the succeeding ODI tri-series. Kohli started off in signature fashion, with a typically stroke-filled hundred against Pakistan as India maintained their unbeaten run against their arch-rivals in ICC events. As India stormed into the semi-finals unbeaten, Kohli's form continued to take an uncharacteristic dip, culminating in a painstaking 1 in the semi-final loss against the co-hosts and eventual champions, Australia.

Kohli, now the full-time Test captain, toured Sri Lanka with a young side without the services of Mahendra Singh Dhoni, wary of the Sri Lankan spinners' fabled 4th innings con-job. After losing the first Test, Kohli's India recorded a dramatic come-from-behind win in the series, going on to win 2-1. Kohli continued to build on his auspicious start to Test captaincy as he led them to a rout of the South Africans on a series of rank-turners all around India. He had a quiet series with the bat, as the more stoic batsmen of his team took over. Nonetheless, the triumph took India to the No. 1 spot in the ICC Test rankings for the first time since they forfeited it to England after the forgettable white-wash in 2011.

IPL and T20 dominance
He continued his emphatic run in the World T20, batting (and running) like a man possessed, thrashing boundaries with ridiculous ease. Despite an 89* in the semi-final against the West Indies (extending his inhuman run of form in the format), India's bowling panicked at a crucial stage. One had to feel sorry for him as he had to make do with the 'Player of the tournament' award for the second successive Twenty20 World Cup; a distinction he would've gladly exchanged for the elusive World T20 trophy. Kohli's thirst for runs showed no signs of slowing down as he looted a small matter of 973 runs during the 2016 edition of the Indian Premier League, the most (by far) by any batsman in the history of the tournament - as he led his Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB) franchise to a runners-up finish.

What the future holds...
India's tour to South Africa in early 2018, their first major away Test assignment since Australia 2014 (before the 2015 World Cup), offers a new challenge: given a green track, is Virat really as good against the new ball? Is he good enough to play it out in case there are a few quick wickets? He has been protected from the new ball by a stoic Vijay and a solid Pujara until now. However, to make the ascent from 'good' to 'great', Virat Kohli has to prove to the world that he doesn't need to be protected against the new ball; that he is a versatile batsman capable of the grind against the moving ball.

However, it isn't beyond Kohli to prove his critics wrong yet again, as he continues to take criticism on his stride, setting new standards for modern batsmanship. He already possesses an insatiable appetite for runs; and if he can correct this small chink in his armour and adjust his technique to play late and more compact shots in front of him, rather than beside him, then no force could stop him from becoming the perfect batsman. And as a captain, ruthless as he has been at home, if he can hand India the elusive Test series wins in Australia and South Africa, 'unprecedented' won't even begin to describe the extent of his achievements as a leader.

The final frontier
In the first week of 2018, Kohli went on to lead India in South Africa, a few weeks after he tied the knot with Indian actress and long-time girlfriend, Anushka Sharma. India went on to concede the series in the first two Tests, but came back to win the third Test match on a difficult wicket. In a series full of difficult wickets, Kohli exhibited tighter technique than he had in England, and batted better than he did in his more prolific tour of South Africa in 2013/14. Kohli went on to conquer his (personal) final frontier in England later in 2018 too, scoring 593 runs in 10 innings, including 2 hundreds, and not conceding his wicket to his fabled nemesis, Anderson, even once. India went on to lose the series 1-4, and Kohli's record as captain was tainted by two consecutive Test series losses away.

Nevertheless, on a personal level, he had left no stone unturned to transform himself into the most consistent and versatile batsman of his age, and arguably the better of the Big Four. In October 2018, during the second of 3 consecutive hundreds against the West Indies in ODIs, he went on to become the fastest batsmen to reach the 10,000-run mark in ODIs, trouncing Sachin Tendulkar by a staggering 54 innings. Despite arguments about the two new balls, better bats, batting-friendly conditions, and more lethal bowlers, it was difficult to deny that this was a statistical outlier, very much along the lines of 99.94 - perhaps unlikely to ever be trounced.

However, being a cricket romantic (as we all are), as we reflect on his prolific international career (and with a plethora of records to be broken over the next decade) one must look back at the CB series knock that changed it all. On that fateful night at Hobart, Kohli had not only kept his team in contention, he had actually dragged a drained Indian side out of the airport. That night, at the Bellerive Oval, Virat Kohli transcended into a league of his own to etch his name in history - and a cricketing superstar was born.

IPL through the years

Ahead of the 2019 edition of the Indian Premier League (IPL), Virat Kohli showed how much faith he had in the franchise by declaring that he would perhaps end his career with the Bangalore-based Royal Challengers. The only player to be a part of a single franchise for the entire duration of the tournament (right from the start of the cash-rich league in 2008), Kohli has developed an affection with the franchise and with the fans over the period of time.

Having been brought into the franchise as a young emerging player in 2008, Kohli's growth has been stupendous. He learnt under the wings of Rahul Dravid and Anil Kumble, before finally establishing himself under Daniel Vettori. It wasn't a free-flowing start, in a team that was struggling to find the essence of the tournament, it wasn't a surprise that they had a struggling youngster in the midst. Having learnt the ropes in the first three-year cycle, it wasn't a surprise that he was the only player retained in 2011. The purple patch began somewhere around that region, he then proved it wasn't just a purple patch, it was a career that was beginning to flourish. Soon after, Kohli became the best in all aspects, not just white-ball cricket, but in the red-ball version as well.

It became a no-brainer when he was asked to captain the Bangalore franchise on a permanent basis from 2012 and it also translated into more consistency with the bat. Kohli soon turned into a fan favourite even as runs flowed from his bat. Circa, 2016 - the India and RCB captain blasted 973 runs - the most by any player in the history of the game and it included four hundreds - the most by a batsman in a single edition. Alas, all this didn't translate into a title triumph - one that has kept Kohli and Bangalore waiting

World Cup through the years
Arguably one of the finest ODI batsmen of all-time, and certainly the greatest of his generation, Virat Kohli has played two senior World Cups after leading the junior team to the title in 2008. In 2011, on his World Cup debut, Kohli played second fiddle to Virender Sehwag on his way to a fluent hundred against Bangladesh. After a great innings to start with, Kohli had a quiet World Cup before scoring an important 35 in the final to rescue the chase with Gambhir and lay the foundation for a second World Cup triumph. In the 2015 edition, Kohli was fully primed as India's best limited-overs batsman with several solid performances under his belt and started off in fine fashion with a stable hundred against Pakistan. After a 46 against South Africa, his form took a dip during the latter stages of the World Cup before culminating in a 13-ball 1 as India crashed out of the World Cup in the semi-final. His ODI average in the 2017/18 ODI season has been a Bradmanesque 97.5, and he has amassed an unreal 19 hundreds since the 2015 World Cup. After the low of the World Cup ouster in 2015, Kohli leads the Indian side this time, with perhaps the strongest ODI team in the world, and as this generation's greatest ODI batsman.